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Crime Reduction Toolkit

Intervention
Impact on
crime
Effect
How it
works
Mechanism
Where it
works
Moderator
How to
do it
Implementation
What it
costs
Economic cost
After school clubs
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Aggression Replacement Training (ART) for reducing antisocial behaviour
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Average evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Alcohol pricing
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Alley gating
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Strong evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
Average evidence
pin-empty
Body-worn cameras
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
No evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Boot camps
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Brief interventions for alcohol use disorders within criminal justice settings
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Average evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where empty
No evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Car breathalyser lock
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
CCTV
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Circles of support and accountability for sex offenders
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Average evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where empty
No evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for Domestic Violence
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Crisis Intervention Teams (CITs)
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where empty
No evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Domestic abuse sanctions
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Drink drive stops
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Drink driving campaigns
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
No evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Drink driving courts
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Drink driving patrols
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where empty
No evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Drink driving school-based programmes
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Average evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Strong evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Drinking age
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog full
No evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Drug courts
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Very strong evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what full
Very strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Drug substitutes
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Electronic tagging: General offences
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
Average evidence
pin-empty
Electronic tagging: Sex offences
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
Average evidence
pin-empty
Environmental design to prevent retail robbery
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog empty
No evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Firearm laws NEW
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Poor evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Health visitors
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Average evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Healthcare screening for domestic abuse
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Hot spots policing NEW
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Limiting alcohol sales
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Average evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Lockouts for reducing alcohol-related violence NEW
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where empty
No evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Mediation
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime (but some studies suggest an increase)
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Mental health courts
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime (but some studies suggest an increase)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Mentoring
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime (but some studies suggest an increase)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Strong evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Moral Reconation Therapy
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Motivational Interviewing
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Multisystemic therapy
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog empty
No evidence
where empty
No evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Music making
No evidence to suggest an impact on crime
Poor evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Neighbourhood watch
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Outdoor challenges
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Police led pre-charge diversion models for young people
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Prison education
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime (but some studies suggest an increase)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Prison visits
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime (but some studies suggest an increase)
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Probation officer training
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
No evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Problem-oriented policing
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Psychological treatment of adults convicted of sex offences against children
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog full
No evidence
where empty
No evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Pupil referral units
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Red light cameras
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Relationship violence education
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Release on temporary license
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Poor evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Restorative Justice (RJ) conferencing
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty
Retail tagging
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Strong evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
"Scared Straight" programmes
Overall, evidence suggests an increase in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where empty
No evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Second response to domestic abuse
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but some studies suggest a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Social skills training
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Speed cameras
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Street lighting
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Very strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Average evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Teen courts
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Average evidence
what empty
No evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Therapeutic communities
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Therapeutic foster care
Overall, evidence suggests a decrease in crime
Strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Average evidence
what full
Strong evidence
cost full
No evidence
pin-empty
Trying youths as adults
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Strong evidence
where full
Strong evidence
what full
Average evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Young offender aftercare
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Strong evidence
cog full
Average evidence
where full
Very strong evidence
what full
Very strong evidence
cost empty
No evidence
pin-empty
Youth curfews
Overall, evidence suggests no impact on crime (but,some studies suggest either an increase or a decrease)
Very strong evidence
cog full
Poor evidence
where full
Poor evidence
what full
Poor evidence
cost full
Poor evidence
pin-empty

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